Solid–liquid extraction (SLE) is the transfer of soluble components from a solid matrix into a liquid solvent. When performed at elevated temperatures (“hot” solid–liquid extraction) the process kinetics, equilibria, selectivity, and practical implementation change significantly. This review covers fundamentals, mechanisms, thermodynamics and kinetics, effects of temperature, common hot SLE methods, solvent selection, equipment and scale-up, process optimization, safety and environmental concerns, analytical considerations, and representative applications.
Solid–liquid extraction (SLE) is the transfer of soluble components from a solid matrix into a liquid solvent. When performed at elevated temperatures (“hot” solid–liquid extraction) the process kinetics, equilibria, selectivity, and practical implementation change significantly. This review covers fundamentals, mechanisms, thermodynamics and kinetics, effects of temperature, common hot SLE methods, solvent selection, equipment and scale-up, process optimization, safety and environmental concerns, analytical considerations, and representative applications.
