: While the Padri movement was influenced by reformist ideas from Mecca, Hamka argues against the extreme, violent depictions of the Padri leaders—specifically Tuanku Rao and Tuanku Imam Bonjol—as portrayed in Parlindungan's book.
: Hamka emphasizes the "Fakta" (Fact) over the "Khayal" (Fantasy), advocating for a historiography based on reliable archives rather than oral legends or creative reconstructions. antara+fakta+dan+khayal+tuanku+rao+pdf+work